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The Seminole Wars, 1818–1858: The Right to Stay in Ancestral Lands and the Responsibility to Uphold Treaties
- Florida Memory
- Florida Learning Unit: The Florida Seminoles
- Research Starter: The Seminole Wars
- Floridiana Article: Osceola (ca. 1804-1838)
- Floridiana Article: Thomas Sidney Jesup and the Second Seminole War
- Document: Treaty With the Florida Tribes of Indians, 1823
- Document: Treaty With the Seminole, 1832
- Document: Treaty With the Seminole, 1833
- Document: Treaty Between the United States of America and the Creek and Seminole Tribes of Indians, 1845
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
Florida History Day
Resources for Florida History Day 2025
Florida History Day is an annual statewide activity sponsored by the Museum of Florida History. A Florida History Day entry can address any person, event or idea from any time or place in history, but it must relate to the 2025 National History Day theme Rights & Responsibilities in History.
The NHD 2025 Contest Theme Book (PDF) describes this year's theme as "very broad, allowing students to choose family, local, national, or world history topics." This year's theme is "focused on both historical rights and responsibilities." Therefore, "NHD projects in 2025 must focus on both as well." The theme book provides a detailed explanation of rights, responsibilities, and their relationship to each other.
The following resources address several topics in Florida history.
Rights & Responsibilities in History
Land and the Environment
Florida’s beautiful landscape and natural resources have long been at the center of debates over rights and responsibilities. From the early struggles of Native nations to protect their ancestral homelands from Spanish colonizers to modern-day fights to protect the environment, the relationship between humans and land have been complex. What responsibilities do humans have to their environment and the land? How can we balance economic development with environmental protection? How do we honor Native nations and their rights to their homelands? The topics in this section are suggestions designed to help you think about these questions.
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Economic Development, Environmental Conservation, and the Debate Over the Cross-Florida Barge Canal
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
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John Pennekamp and the Preservation of Florida's Coral Reefs
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
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Marjory Stoneman Douglas and the Everglades
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
Civil and Legal
An important part of understanding rights and responsibilities throughout history is asking questions about who decides who has rights. What responsibilities come with being part of society? What responsibilities do leaders have to their people? These questions are at the heart of civil rights movements, and they are often asked when the exisiting systems fail to protect someone’s rights. The suggested topics in this section invite you to explore different moments in Florida’s history where people stepped up and spoke out in defense of their rights.
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Mary McLeod Bethune: Educator and Civil Rights Activist
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
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Groveland Four: Human Rights, Due Process, and the Responsibilities of the State
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Florida Teachers’ Strike of 1968
- Florida Memory
- Research Starter: Florida Teachers’ Strike of 1968
- Document: Letter from 11th Grade Student to Commissioner of Education Floyd Christian Asking Him to Close the Schools Until Strike Ends, 1968
- Document: Letter from "A Most Concerned Parent" to Commissioner of Education Floyd Christian Questioning the Use of Substitutes During Teachers' Strike, 1968
- Florida Photographic Collection: Florida Teachers Displaying Protest Signs During Their Walkout
- Florida Photographic Collection: Florida Teacher Displaying Protest Signs During Their Walkout
- Florida Photographic Collection: Teachers Crowded into Orlando's Tangerine Bowl
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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Florida, the Cuban Exodus, and Political Asylum
- Florida Memory
- Learning Unit: The Cuban Experience in Florida: Revolution and Exodus
- Video: Julio 26
- Video: FYI-The Plight of Pepito: Cuba's Lost Generation
- Documents: Cuban Refugee Center
- Audio: Interview with Director of Latin American Studies at the University of Florida, Dr. Helen Safa, 1982
- Audio: Marta Keen Interview, 1981
- Document: Draft Statement by Governor Farris Bryant Regarding the Cuban Refugee Crisis, 1961
- Document: First Edition of Cuban Newsweek, 1961
- Document: Information Regarding Arrangements for a Conference on Resettlement of Cuban Refugees in Miami, 1961
- Document: Letter from B.D. Bennett to Farris Bryant Regarding Cuban Refugees in Miami, 1962
- Florida Photographic Collection: Mariel Boatlift
- Floridiana Article: The Mariel Boatlift of 1980
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
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Fort Mose: Defending Freedom in Spanish Florida
- Florida Memory
- Other Resources
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Gideon v. Wainwright: A Florida Case Helps Reform the National Justice System
- Florida Memory
- Photograph: Portrait of Clarence Earl Gideon
- Photograph: Portrait of Florida Division of Corrections Director Louis L. Wainwright, Jr. - Tallahassee, Florida
- Photograph: Florida State Prison Mugshots of Clarence Earl Gideon
- Document: Judgment from the U.S. Supreme Court Regarding Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963
- Document: Order of the Florida Supreme Court Regarding Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963
- Document: Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus by Clarence Earl Gideon, 1961
- Document: Response from Florida Supreme Court to Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus by Clarence Earl Gideon, 1961
- Photograph: Group Portrait of State Public Defenders
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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Florida and the 2000 Presidential Election: Electoral Responsibilities and Voters' Rights
- Florida Memory
- Other Resources
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Rights to Justice: Reparations for the Survivors of the Rosewood Massacre
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
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Florida and the Equal Rights Amendment
- Florida Memory
- Photograph: Era Demonstration
- Photograph: Governor and First Lady Graham Marching with Era Demonstrators on Apalachee Parkway in Tallahassee
- Research Starter: Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
- Primary Source Set: Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in Florida
- Floridiana Article: Florida and the Ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment
- Floridiana Article: Letters to Governor Bob Graham
- Document: "200 Years Too Long" Pro Equal Rights Amendment Song Lyrics, ca. 1975
- Video: Equal Rights Amendment
- Video: Florida Parades for the ERA by WFSU-TV, 1975
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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Tallahassee Bus Boycott of 1956
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
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St. Augustine and the Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Florida Memory
- Video: St. Augustine Civil Rights Demonstrations, 1964
- Documents: Civil Rights Demonstrations in St. Augustine
- Document: St. Augustine Arrest Records, June 30, 1964
- Florida Photographic Collection: St. Augustine Civil Rights Demonstrations
- Learning Unit: The Civil Rights Movement in Florida
- Floridiana Article: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in Florida
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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Labor Reform and Civil Rights: The Fight Against Convict Leasing in Florida
- Florida Memory
- Research Starter: Convict Labor Leasing in Florida
- Photograph: Martin Tabert
- Document: Telegram from Mary McLeod Bethune to Governor Doyle Carlton Protesting the Use of Black Female Convicts for Carrying and Installing Heavy Posts in Jacksonville, 1932
- Document: Letter from S.A. Golden to Governor Doyle Carlton Regarding the Road Between Graceville and Chipley, 1929
- Document: Resolutions By Hillsborough and Pinellas County Citizens Condemning the Convict Lease System in Florida
- Florida Photographic Collection: Convict Labor
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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The Stephens Sisters: Civil Rights and the Tallahassee CORE
- Florida Memory
- Learning Unit: The Civil Rights Movement in Florida
- Primary Source Set: Patricia and Priscilla Stephens and the Congress of Racial Equality
- Document: "How to Practice Non-Violence" Pamphlet, ca. 1960
- Documents: Stephens Sisters Jail-In Papers, 1960
- Patricia Stephens Due Photograph Collection
- Floridiana Article: Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
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Roxcy Bolton and Women's Rights
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
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Virgil D. Hawkins and the Fight to Desegregate Education in Florida
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
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Emancipation Day and the Struggle for Abolition in Florida
- Florida Memory
- Document: 1860-1861. Article About Abolition of Slavery
- Document: Letter from John Scoble to Jonathan Walker with Resolution from the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, 1844
- Document: Letter from Governor John Branch to the Territorial Legislative Council Regarding the Case of Jonathan Walker, 1845
- Primary Source Set: Emancipation Day in Florida
- Floridiana Article: Unheralded Emancipation (May, 1862)
- Floridiana Article: Harriet Tubman's Florida Legacy
- Photo Exhibit: Emancipation in Florida
- Florida Photographic Collection: Emancipation Day Celebrations
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
Public Health, Safety, and Well-Being
From the yellow fever epidemics of the 18th century to countless hurricanes, Floridians have faced many challenges when it comes to staying safe and healthy. Many Floridians have also worked hard to make sure everyone can access resources that improve their lives. The suggested topics in this section encourage you to think about the rights and responsibilities of individuals, communities, and governments as they work together to respond to public health crises and natural disasters, and build the resources to live happily in the Sunshine State.
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The Hurricane of 1928 and the Okeechobee Flood Control District: Devastation Leads to Change
- Florida Memory
- Other Resources
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Yellow Fever and the State Board of Health
- Florida Memory
- Exhibit: Pestilence, Potions, and Persistence Early Florida Medicine
- Floridiana Article: The Dreaded Yellow Jack
- Floridiana Article: Step Aboard for the Gospel of Good Health!
- Florida Photographic Collection: Yellow Fever
- Document: Governor Fleming's Extra Session of the Legislature Proclamation, 1889
- Document: Quarantine Notice Poster
- State Library of Florida
- Other Resources
- Florida Memory
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Medical Licensing and Regulation in Florida: Right to Healthcare and the Responsibility to Protect Patients
- Florida Memory
- Exhibit: Pestilence, Potions, and Persistence Early Florida Medicine
- Document: An Act to Regulate the Admission of Physicians and Surgeons to Practice in This Territory, 1824
- Document: Draft of an Act to Amend an Act to Establish a Medical Board in the Florida Territory, 1831
- Document: Petition to Allow John W. Robarts of Hillsborough County to Practice Medicine, 1854
- Floridiana Article: So You Wanna Be a Doctor
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
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Florida on the Home Front: Rights, Responsibilities, and Sacrifices During World War II
- Florida Memory
- Exhibit: Florida in World War II
- Learning Unit: Florida During World War II
- Primary Source Set: Rationing, Victory Gardens and Scrap Drives During WWII
- Primary Source Set: Industry and Agriculture During WWII
- Primary Source Set: Civil Defense in Florida During WWII
- Floridiana Article: Florida's First Lady at War
- Floridiana Article: Eyes on the Skies
- Document: Blackout Order Issued by Governor Spessard Holland During World War II
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
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Defending the Nation: Florida's Military Contributions During World War II
- Florida Memory
- Exhibit: Florida in World War II
- Learning Unit: Florida During World War II
- Primary Source Set: Civil Defense in Florida During WWII
- Florida Photographic Collection: World War II
- Floridiana Article: Preparing for D-Day: Camp Gordon Johnston near Carrabelle
- Floridiana Article: James Van Fleet and the Normandy Invasion
- Video: Wakulla Springs & WWII Troop Maneuvers
- State Library of Florida
- Florida Memory
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Dorothy Dodd: Expanding Public Access to Libraries
- Florida Memory
- State Library of Florida